Comparison Electrolux EWH 80 Centurio IQ vs Willer IVB 80 DR Elegance DHE

The regular way to install a water heater.

The choice for this parameter depends primarily on how much free space is available for installing the device and what shape this space has. Therefore, when there is a lot of space (for example, the user has an entire wall in the boiler room of a private house at his disposal), this parameter can be ignored. But in cramped conditions, each installation method will have its nuances.

— Vertical. Vertical arrangement devices, elongated in height. This option is well suited for narrow cramped spaces — for example, a bathroom in a small city apartment.

— Horizontal. The horizontal layout is less suitable for tight spaces than the vertical one but in some conditions, it may be optimal — for example, if the place under the device looks like a low horizontal niche. Also, note that many instant water heaters are produced in this design (see "Type") — they do not take up much space, and horizontal orientation is considered optimal for such devices for several reasons.

— Floor. Floorstanding models (as opposed to all of the wall mount options described above). The main advantage of such an installation is simplicity: there is no need to drill walls and prepare other special fasteners; it is enough to have free space on the floor. In addition, weight restrictions are not so critical for floor water h...eaters, and this method can be used even for the most powerful, capacious and, accordingly, large models. On the other hand, free space on the floor is not always available, and this installation method is not suitable for cramped conditions.

— Universal (wall mounted). Devices that can be placed in any position — both horizontal and vertical (see above for details). The advantage of this option is obvious: the user can choose the installation method of his choice, depending on the situation.

The presence of 2 water tanks in the storage water heater; usually, the total volume is divided equally between these tanks.

This design is noticeably more complex and expensive than the traditional 1-tank arrangement but offers several advantages. Firstly, the tanks can be heated in turn, which significantly speeds up the process. After all, for hot water to be used, it is enough to warm up only half of the total volume to the operating temperature. Secondly, with this format of work, power consumption and the load on the power grid are reduced. And if at a certain moment, the user does not need a lot of water, then the energy consumption turns out to be small (again, because the entire volume does not need to be heated). Thirdly, compared to traditional models of the same volume, such boilers are thinner, which can simplify installation (the price for this advantage is an increase in width, but this moment is not so often critical). Fourth, this arrangement improves thermal insulation and reduces heat loss.

Electrical power consumed by the heater during operation.

This parameter is of key importance for electric models (see "Energy source"). In them, the power consumption corresponds to the power of the heating element and, accordingly, the heat output of the entire device. The overall efficiency and flow rate of the water heater directly depend on the useful power. Accordingly, high-flow rate models inevitably have high consumption. At the same time, we note that the heating power is selected by the designers in such a way as to guarantee the necessary flow rate and water temperature. So when choosing a device according to flow rate, you need to look primarily at flow rate and temperature. Power must be taken into account when connecting: for example, if a 220 V model (see "Power source") consumes more than 3.5 kW, it, as a rule, cannot be plugged into a regular outlet — connection is required according to special rules. And the most productive and high-powered models — 10 kW or more — are connected only to three-phase mains.

The power consumption has a similar value for combined boilers — adjusted for the fact that in them the electric heater is an additional source of heat. For gas and indirect models, this parameter describes the power consumption of control circuits and other auxiliary structural elements; this power consumption is usually very small — on the order of several tens of watts, less often up to 1.5 kW.

The number of heating modes provided in the device.

This parameter is specified only for models with several heating modes. We emphasize that you should not confuse such functionality with temperature control (see "Features"). The heating mode is the general format of the device; these formats differ primarily in such parameters as the actual heating power, the number (and in combined models, and types) of the heating elements involved, etc. The thermostat, if it is in the design, allows you to change the temperature within a specific mode.

In general, the presence of several heating modes expands the functionality of the water heater but affects its cost. Of course, the specific features of these modes do not hurt to clarify in advance before buying.

Time to heat the storage tank (see "Type"), filled with cold water, to operating temperature.

It is worth remembering that this characteristic is not 100% accurate. Manufacturers usually indicate the heating time for certain conditions: a filled tank, maximum heating intensity, and temperature rise (∆T) by a certain number of degrees. In practice, the heating time may differ, both one way and the other. For example, if the heating time for the device is 20 minutes at ∆T = 50 °C, then when the water is heated from 15 °C to 60 °C, the time will be shorter (∆T = 45 °C). Nevertheless, this indicator allows us to evaluate the overall flow rate of the boiler, and with equal ∆T and volumes, different models can be compared in terms of heating time.

Magnesium anode is used in storage heaters (see type). It is an additional means of protecting the tank and heating elements from corrosion. Due to its special electrochemical properties, magnesium significantly slows down the oxidation of other metal parts that come into contact with water. Note that the magnesium anode has a limited service life. It needs to be changed every 5-7 years.

The number of heating elements provided in the design of the water heater. In this case, it is the total number of elements that are taken into account, regardless of whether they belong to the same type or different ones: for example, 2 heat exchangers and 1 heating element are considered as 3 elements.

All gas models (see "Energy source") have only one heating element — this is quite enough for efficient operation. In combined devices (see ibid.), on the contrary, there are several heating elements by definition (at least two — a heat exchanger and an electric one). In electric and indirect water heaters, the options may be different.

The meaning of several heaters of the same type is primarily to increase the heating efficiency. For example, in an instant (see "Type") electrical water heater, in this way, it is possible to increase the working length — the distance that water passes inside the device from inlet to outlet; by increasing the working length, the water is heated longer. In storage electric models, several heaters provide more uniform heating of the water, and in indirect ones, they allow more heat to be taken away. In addition, in indirect devices, heat exchangers can differ in the source of heating: for example, one can work from a heating boiler, the second from a solar collector.

Also, note that duplication of heating elements can also be used as protection against failures: if one of them...fails, the heating efficiency decreases, but the device remains operational. However, this possibility is not available in all models with several heaters, its presence should be clarified separately.

— Open coil. The open coil is made from a high-resistance electrical wire enclosed in a thin insulating sheath. The main advantages of such an element are the heating rate, high efficiency and precise temperature control; in addition, scale is almost not formed on the spiral. And of the shortcomings — a low service life.

— Wet heating element. Wet heater is a metal tube with a heating thread laid in the centre; the space between the tube and the thread is filled with an insulating material with good thermal conductivity. Heating elements heat up more slowly than open coils, have lower efficiency and are prone to the formation of scale on them; on the other hand, their service life is much longer, and in instant heaters, heating elements are not so sensitive to air pockets.

— Dry heating element. A kind of heating element with an improved design: the heater tube is enclosed in an additional shell (most often made of metal with an enamel coating on the outside) and does not come into contact with water, hence the name. Thanks to this, the likelihood of scale formation is reduced, which is especially important when working with hard water. Also, the replacement of such elements is significantly easier than conventional ones. Among their shortcomings can be called a rather high cost.

— Infrared heating element. Tu...bular electric heater of a special design: in the form of a transparent glass tube, in which the incandescent spiral is enclosed. The principle of operation of such an element is somewhat different from a conventional heating element: a significant part of the heating is provided by infrared radiation, which heats not so much the water as the walls of the tank — and heat is already transferred from them to the water. Thus, the water is heated not only at the point of contact with the heating element but also at the point of contact with the walls — which means that the heating is faster and more uniform. Also, note that the IR heater itself is usually "dry"; see above for the advantages of this design. The main disadvantages of such heaters are high cost and relatively short service life.

— Heat exchanger. It is used in gas and indirect heaters (see Water heater type). It is a metal structure heated by burning gas (in gas heaters) or passing inside a heated coolant (in indirect heaters). Usually has a ribbed shape. It is done to ensure the maximum area of contact with the heated water with relatively small dimensions — the larger this area, the more heat is transferred to the water per unit of time and the more efficient the heater is.

Among the functions of the water heater there are thermostat, water flow regulator, Smart (auto mode), programmer, display and control via the Internet. More about each of them

— Thermostat. A device that allows you to control the temperature of the water at the outlet of the heater. In storage models (see "Type"), the thermostat sets the maximum temperature for heating water in the tank; in instant devices, this function is carried out by changing the intensity of heating.

— Automatic water flow regulator. It is used in instant water heaters. Since the water in such devices heats up in the process of its movement through the heater, the higher the speed of water movement (the greater the pressure), the lower the heating temperature, and if the pressure is too high, the power of the device may simply not be enough for effective heating. The use of an automatic water flow regulator avoids this — this system regulates the speed of water movement through the heater, limiting it if necessary.

— Smart (auto mode). A special “smart” mode in which the boiler is controlled (primarily the intensity of heating) automatically. Specific features of this mode may vary depending on the model. However, the following format of operation is most common: during...the first week of use, the device remembers at what time of the day the hot water was used, and then the heater’s operating mode adjusts to this data. Thus, the water heater provides the user with hot water at the right time and, at the same time, does not waste energy on heating during hours when heating is not needed.

— Programmer. The presence of a programmable thermostat — a device that allows not only to maintain the temperature but also to programme the operation of the device for a certain period. The simplest programmers work like a timer, turning on at the right time (vacation or holiday mode, when the device is not active for several days, and when the family returns to the house, it will turn on and heat the water). More advanced ones allow you to set the mode of operation for individual days. Either way, this feature provides added convenience and eliminates the need to constantly adjust the operation of the device manually. On the other hand, the presence of a programmer affects the cost.

— Display. Usually, a simple LCD screen with a few characters is used as a display. However, even such equipment significantly increases the convenience and information content of management. Various service data can be shown on the display — from the temperature of the water in the tank to messages about malfunctions and failures. This feature slightly increases the cost of the device, but compared to the total cost of the heater, this moment is usually insignificant.

— Control via the Internet. The specific nuances of such control may vary: for example, some models use a special application installed on a smartphone or tablet, while others can work through a regular browser from any computer. However, this function allows you to control the heater from almost anywhere in the world — provided that there is access to the Internet. In addition, with this control, the user can also monitor the status of the device and receive various notifications (on and off, about the temperature of the water in the tank, about various problems, etc.).