Design
The appearance is usually described based on the vehicle that inspired the design and construction of the velomobile.
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Cards(bodyless). Go-karts are four-wheeled racing cars that do not have a body. Accordingly, in velomobiles of this type, the basis of the design is a special frame on which the driver’s seat is installed. The cards are simple in design and management, yet quite durable and reliable and can even be used for universal purposes (see above), which is why this type of design is very popular.
- Automobile. Models that imitate ordinary passenger cars. As a rule, such similarities are quite conditional. The basis of the design is the body, the role of the seat is played by a part of this body, made in the form of a platform, and the pedals are located under the “hood”. For a number of reasons, this appearance is used mainly in children's velomobiles and is not typical for other purposes.
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SUV. Models that imitate off-road vehicles (in addition to SUVs, they are also called jeeps). The design and practical features are similar to the cars described above, they differ from them only in the characteristic design with the corresponding wheels (see “Type of wheels”), imitation of safety bars (not to be confused with real bars - see below), additional headlights and other “off-road” accessories.
- Quad bike. ATVs are vehicles on four wheels on which the dr
...iver sits astride, like on a motorcycle. Velomobiles in this design also have a corresponding design - only the pedals play the role of footrests. ATVs are found mainly among children's models, less often among teenagers.
- Trike. In this case, a trike means a rather unique type of three-wheeled vehicle: the driver sits reclining, the pedals are placed in front and the drive from them is transferred to the front wheel (in models of the younger age category - directly, as in tricycles, in older ones - through a chain drive) , and there is no steering wheel as such - the front wheel is turned by the force of the legs. Thanks to this, trikes are good for developing balance control. On the other hand, non-standard controls can cause certain difficulties, so such machines are relatively rare.
- Tricycle. Design based on a three-wheeled motorcycle - one wheel in front, two in back. The layout of tricycles is more traditional than the trikes described above: they have a motorcycle handlebar, and the rider’s position is a classic sitting one.
- Special equipment. Models that copy various specialized equipment that does not fall into the categories described above. The most popular option is a variety of tractors and bulldozers, but other varieties can also be found, such as fire trucks or combine harvesters. Some of these models, in fact, are classic karts, only in a specific coloring and with tractor wheels (see “Type of wheels”), others have an original design, more reminiscent of real tractors or other equipment. Another feature of “special equipment” is the extensive use of trailers (see below) and various additional equipment - excavator buckets, bulldozer blades, etc. This gives the little driver additional opportunities for games (in fact, the purpose of velomobiles of this type is mainly for children).Adjustable seat
Possibility
to adjust the position of the seat in the velomobile. Usually, we are talking about moving the seat back and forth — this allows you to adjust the distance to the pedals, optimally adjusting it to the height of the user. This feature is especially important if the car is purchased for a child for several years of use — the seat can be moved back as the young driver grows. Also, the adjustable seat is useful in cases where the car is used by several people with different heights — for example, brothers of different ages.
Reverse
The ability to use the pedals of a velomobile to move not only forward, but also
backward. Note that the simplest type of drive — to a rigidly fixed driven gear (when the pedals rotate and when the velomobile is idling) — does not provide reverse, this requires certain design tricks. Therefore, if it is important for you to be able to freely ride not only forward, but also backward, you should choose a car in which such an opportunity is directly stated.
Note that most often the movement back is carried out simply by rotating the pedals in the opposite direction, however, some models may include the inclusion of a "reverse gear" with a special lever, usually located on the frame.
Hand brake
The presence of
a hand brake in the design of the velomobile.
Unlike the car “handbrake”, which is regularly used as a parking brake, such a brake, usually, can also be used while driving (although there are other options). Its presence is especially important for "high-speed" velomobiles — this version of the brake system is considered more reliable and more convenient than pedals (in particular, because it allows the use of high-performance disc brakes).
Horn (signal)
The presence
of a sound signal (horn) in the design of the velomobile.
In children's velomobiles (see "Purpose"), the horn primarily plays the role of additional entertainment: the speed of such machines is low, and the plastic wheels often used in them (including options with rubber, see "Type of wheels") create quite a lot when moving. noise that notifies others about the movement of the machine. Therefore, there is practically no real need for a warning sound signal. But more “adult” velomobiles can move quite quickly and at the same time quietly, and the ability to give a sound signal in a timely manner (in order to attract the attention of others and prevent unpleasant incidents) can be far from superfluous from a practical point of view.
Front spoiler
The presence of a
front spoiler in the design of the velomobile.
The front spoiler is found mainly in karts and special equipment made in the form of karts (for more details, see "Appearance"). It is a shield that almost completely covers the steering column from the front. The role of this device is mainly decorative: it is designed in the same style as the whole car, while the spoiler is one of the most noticeable details, and its presence makes the design more expressive. However, the matter is not limited to this: at high speeds, the front shield somewhat improves the aerodynamics of the structure and reduces air resistance.
Front wheel diameter
The diameter of the front wheel(s) of a velomobile. In fact, this parameter is important, first of all, taking into account the fact that large wheels have a higher cross-country ability than small ones. In addition, data on the dimensions of the front and rear wheels make it possible to evaluate the appearance features (see above): for example, some
"special equipment" may have small front wheels and large rear wheels, like in real tractors.
Rear wheel diameter
The diameter of the rear wheel(s) of a pedal car. The value of this parameter is the same as the diameter of the front wheel (see the relevant paragraph).
Wheel type
The design of the wheels that the velomobile is equipped with.
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Plastic. The simplest wheels made entirely of plastic — in some cases they do not even have a pronounced tyre. The hardness of such wheels does not allow them to be used on surfaces with serious irregularities, and even on smooth asphalt, the level of vibration and noise is quite high. In addition, such structures are not very durable. Therefore, plastic wheels are found mainly in models for the smallest (see "Purpose").
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Plastic with rubber. A modification of the plastic wheels described above, supplemented by a kind of "mini-tyre" — a strip of rubber in the middle of the rim, where the wheel is in direct contact with the ground. This provides a softer ride and somewhat reduces the vibration experienced by the machine, but otherwise these wheels are completely similar to conventional plastic ones.
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Rubber. In this case, wheels are meant having a solid (not inflatable) rubber tyre. This option is a kind of transition between plastic and inflatable wheels: solid tyres are not as passable and “hardy” as inflatable ones, but they are cheaper, do not require monitoring the level of inflation and are absolutely insensitive to punctures and scratches, while their smoothness is much higher than plastic ones.
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Inflatable. The most advan
...ced version found in modern velomobiles: in accordance with the name, such wheels have a rubber tyre filled with air — like on an "adult" bike or a real car. Inflatable wheels are far superior to all the varieties described above in terms of softness, easily “work out” road bumps and are suitable for even the heaviest or fastest velomobiles. Of their shortcomings, in addition to the price, we can mention the need to monitor the pressure inside the tyres and periodically pump up the wheels. In addition, damage to the tube makes the inflatable tyre unusable, so it is recommended to have a repair kit for such a velomobile just in case.