Number of bands
The number of distinct frequency bands into which the sound is divided when played back through the speakers. For each such band, a separate speaker is provided, and sometimes several (for more details, see "Number of speakers").
Among multi-band consumer-level models, the most common options are
2 or
3 bands — LF / HF and LF / MF / HF, respectively. A larger number, usually, indicates a high class of acoustics, because. it is more accurately capable of reproducing the signal and, accordingly, is more complicated. But there are also small
satellites with one speaker (
single-way) for the case of an undemanding listener.
Note that, in addition to integers, models are also produced with a fractional number of bands — for example,
2.5 or
3.5. This marking indicates the presence in the design of a speaker that is responsible for two bands at once: for example, model 2.5 has separate speakers for bass and treble plus a combined bass + midrange (similar in design to bass, but also loaded with mid frequencies).
Crossover frequency
The crossover frequency provided in the speaker design.
A crossover is installed exclusively in a multi-band model (see "Number of Bands"). This is an electronic filter that ensures the division of the incoming audio signal into separate frequency ranges and directs each range to "its" set of speakers. And the crossover frequency shows where the boundary between these ranges lies. If there are more than two bands, there will be several such boundaries: for example, for a four-band system it may be specified "0.15 / 0.8 / 2.8 kHz" or "0.12 / 1 / 3.8".
In most cases, this parameter has mainly a reference value: the frequencies of the built-in crossover are selected to match the operating characteristics of the speakers installed in the speaker system.
Overall frequency range
The total frequency range that the speaker is capable of reproducing. Specified from the bottom of the range in the lowest frequency component to the top of the range in the highest frequency: for example, in a 2.1 system with main speakers at 100 – 22000 Hz and a subwoofer at 20 – 150 Hz, the total value will be 20 – 22000 Hz.
The wider the frequency range — the fuller the reproduced sound, the lower the likelihood that some part of the low or high frequencies will be "cut off". It is worth noting here that the human ear perceives frequencies on average from 16 Hz to 22 kHz, and from a practical point of view, it makes no sense to provide a wider frequency range in speakers. However, quite a few models go beyond this range, sometimes quite significantly (for example, there are speakers with a range of about 10 – 50,000 Hz). Such characteristics are a kind of "side effect" of high-end acoustics, and they are usually given for advertising purposes.
Thus, the lower limit of the range in modern speakers can be within frequencies
up to 20 Hz, however, higher values \u200b\u200bare more common —
30 – 40 Hz,
40 – 50 Hz, or even
more than 70 Hz. In turn, the upper limit in most modern speakers lies in the range
19 – 22 kHz, although there are deviations both upwards (see above) and
downwards.
Midrange speaker size
The diameter of the midrange speaker(s) speakers. The size of the speaker determines its operating range, as well as the total power: the larger the diameter, the lower the frequencies and the larger the radiating surface area (and hence the power). Accordingly, the dynamics for the midrange can be quite large, but in this case this parameter cannot be called critical. More detailed information can be found in special sources.
Weight
The total weight of all components of the speaker system.
