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Comparison Panasonic HC-VXF1 vs Panasonic HC-VXF990

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Panasonic HC-VXF1
Panasonic HC-VXF990
Panasonic HC-VXF1Panasonic HC-VXF990
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Shooting 4K video. High quality optics with wide zoom range. 5-axis stabilization system. Horizon auto leveling. Picture-in-picture feature. Electronic viewfinder. Focus control ring.
High quality optics. Lots of manual settings. Hybrid stabilization system. Horizon auto leveling. Tilt viewfinder. The ability to broadcast images from two smartphones. Cold shoe.
Featuresamateuramateur
Media typeflash (memory card)flash (memory card)
Sensor
Sensor typeCMOSCMOS
Sensor size1/2.5"1/2.3"
Number of megapixels8.5718.91
Effective megapixels8.298.29
Camera lens
Focal length (35mm equivalent)25 – 734 mm30.8 – 752 mm
Aperturef/1.8 — f/4f/1.8 — f/3.6
Optical zoom24 х20 х
Digital zoom1500 х1500 х
Image stabilization
optical / electronic /HYBRID O.I.S./
optical / electronic /HYBRID O.I.S./
Filter diameter62 mm49 mm
Manual focus
Video shooting
Video resolution3840x2160 px3840x2160 px
Frame frequency50 fps50 fps
Recording formatsMPEG-4 AVC/H.264
Video recording speed
72 Mbps, 50 Mbps, 28 Mbps, 24 Mbps /17 Mbps, 13 Mbps, 9 Mbps, 5 Mbps/
72 Mbps, 50 Mbps, 28 Mbps, 24 Mbps
Minimum illuminance1 lux1 lux
Night shooting
Shutter speed1/25 — 1/8000 с1/2—1/8000 с
White balanceauto, indoor 1, indoor 2, sunny, cloudyauto, white, sunny, cloudy, room 1, room 2
Sound recordingDolby Digital (5.1)Dolby Digital 5.1
Photo
Number of megapixels25.925.9
Max. photo size6784x3816 px6784x3816 px
Picture while shooting
Screen
Screen size3 "3 "
Screen resolution461 K pixels460 K pixels
Touch screen
Features
Features
viewfinder
 
hot shoe
built-in speaker
Wi-Fi module
viewfinder
backlight lamp
hot shoe
built-in speaker
Wi-Fi module
Memory and sockets
Memory card supportSD, SDHC, SDXCSD, SDHC, SDXC
Connectors
USB
HDMI
 
microphone input
headphone jack
USB
HDMI
AV output
microphone input
headphone jack
Battery
USB charging
Battery typeVW-VBT190
Battery capacity1940 mAh1940 mAh
Battery life1 h
General
Dimensions (WxHxD)68x77x142 mm68x78x163 mm
Weight428 g
396 g /without battery and memory card/
Color
Added to E-Catalogjune 2018june 2016

Sensor size

The physical size of the camcorder sensor. It is usually measured diagonally and is indicated in fractions of an inch — for example, 1/3 "or 1/2.33" (the second option is larger, respectively). In addition, sensors of a “photographic” format can be installed in video cameras, in which case the corresponding designation is used — for example, APS-C.

The larger the sensor, the higher the image quality it can provide (all else being equal). This is due to the fact that on larger sensors, each individual pixel is larger, more light falls on it, which increases sensitivity and reduces noise; this is especially important for shooting in low light. For amateur purposes, small sensors are quite enough, but in professional cameras (see "Features") this parameter is at least 1/3". The exception, however, are models with several sensors (see "Number of sensors") in them each individual sensor is quite small, and high quality is ensured by image processing features.

Number of megapixels

The total number of individual photosensitive points (pixels) provided in the design of the sensor (1 megapixel corresponds to a million pixels). This parameter takes into account both those points on which the light falls, and service points that are not directly involved in the construction of the image. Therefore, in modern video cameras, it is more of a reference than practically significant; the actual image quality depends primarily on the number of effective megapixels (see below).

Focal length (35mm equivalent)

Focal length of a standard video camera lens in terms of a 35 mm full-frame sensor. This parameter is also called the "equivalent focal length" — EFL.

The focal length itself is the distance from the optical centre of the lens (when focus to infinity) to the sensor, at which the sharpest image is obtained on the sensor. It is one of the key characteristics of any lens, because. determines the viewing angles, the degree of approximation and, accordingly, the specifics of the use of optics. At the same time, it is impossible to compare different options in terms of the actual focal length: the laws of physics are such that with different sizes of sensors, the same focal length will give different viewing angles. Therefore, EFL was adopted as a universal characteristic and criterion for comparison. It can be described as the focal length that a 35mm lens with the same viewing angles would have.

The larger the focal length, the narrower the viewing angle will be and the higher the degree of approximation of the visible scene. Optics with EFL up to 18 mm belongs to the class of ultra wide-angle ("fisheye") and is used primarily to create artistic effects. Distances up to 40 mm correspond to "wide angles", 50 mm gives the same degree of approximation as that of the naked eye, the range of 70-100 mm is considered optimal for portrait shooting, and large values allow the use of optics already as a telephoto lens. Knowing these provisions, one can approximately...evaluate the capabilities of the lens and its suitability for certain tasks; there are more detailed recommendations, they are described in special sources.

Also note that modern video cameras are usually equipped with lenses with a variable focal length (zoom), which allows you to change the degree of approximation and viewing angle; see "Optical Zoom" for details.

Aperture

Aperture of a standard video camera lens.

This parameter describes how much the lens attenuates the light output. Usually it is written as a ratio between the diameter of the active hole and the focal length of the lens, while the first value is taken as one and denoted as f — for example, f/1.8 or f/5.6. Moreover, the smaller the number in such a record, the higher the aperture ratio: for example, in our example, the first option is “lighter” than the second. Also note that most lenses with a variable focal length (see above) also have a variable aperture — in such cases it is indicated by the range from maximum to minimum (from a smaller number to a larger one).

A high aperture ratio is important primarily when shooting in low light conditions: it allows you to capture an image without “lifting up” the sensor sensitivity and without creating additional artifacts in the form of noise, and in the photo shooting mode, you can also work with shorter shutter speeds (which is useful for dynamic scenes). In addition, the higher the aperture, the lower the depth of field and the easier it is to get a blurry background. Note that for simple everyday tasks this parameter does not play a decisive role, but in professional shooting it can be very significant.

Optical zoom

The degree (multiplicity) of image magnification provided by the operation of the lens system in the lens itself, without additional digital processing (see "Digital zoom"). Optical zoom involves changing the focal length (see above): the longer the focal length, the smaller the viewing angle and the larger the objects visible in the frame. And the zoom multiplicity corresponds to the ratio between the maximum and minimum value of this distance. For example, in a 24 – 120 mm system, this parameter will be 120/24 = 5x. However, it is not always appropriate to choose a high zoom camcorder.

The advantage of optical zoom over digital zoom is, first of all, high image quality: regardless of the degree of zoom, the camera uses the entire effective area of the sensor. At the same time, zoom indicators can reach several tens of times, which is more than enough for camcorders of any class. Therefore, this format is the main one today; it is not used only in some models of pocket cameras (see "Features"), where it is not possible to install a large lens with a zoom lens.

For modern models, the value of this parameter at the level of 10 – 12x is considered standard.

Filter diameter

The diameter of the mount designed to install an additional filter on a regular camera lens. Such filters can have different types and purposes: UV filtering, colour correction, polarization, artistic effects, etc.; to select them for a specific camera model, you need to know the diameter of the mount.

Recording formats

Video file formats that the camera can use to store recorded footage. If you want to view these materials using a separate device (player, media centre, etc.), you should make sure that this player supports the appropriate formats, otherwise conversion may be necessary.

Night shooting

The camera has night mode. In this case, both the meaning of this parameter and its specific implementation can significantly differ from model to model. So, in some cameras, this term means a special mode for deep twilight, which allows you to get a relatively reliable colour reproduction (“as in the daytime”) without the use of additional illumination. Others use an infrared filter, due to which shooting can be done even in complete darkness — but the image will turn out to be black and white. And in the most advanced models, this filter is complemented by its own IR illumination system, which further expands the capabilities of the camera.

Thus, the details of the operation of this mode in a particular camera should be clarified according to the official documents of the manufacturer. However, anyway, if you often have to shoot in low light conditions or at night, it may make sense to pay attention to such cameras. Also note that the presence of a standart backlight lamp (see "Features") is not considered a night shooting feature, although it can also significantly "make life easier" in the dark.

Shutter speed

The range of shutter speeds in which the camera is capable of operating during the shooting process.

Initially, shutter speed is the time during which light affects the photosensitive material (film) when shooting a single frame. For digital sensors, this is the period of time during which an image is read from the sensor to build a separate frame. When shooting video, this interval cannot be more than 1/n, where n is the frame rate (see above), but it can be less — for example, shooting at a frame rate of 30 fps and shutter speed of each frame 1/60 s. There are no such restrictions for the photo mode.

Long exposures are good because they allow the sensor to take in more light — accordingly, the “picture” is brighter, which is especially important in low light. At the same time, they increase the likelihood of getting a blurry image — due to the rapid movement of objects in the frame, the operator's hand shaking and other random camera movements that even the stabilization system is unable to compensate for. This effect can be useful for artistic motion blur, especially when shooting video, but in photo mode it is most often undesirable. Fast shutter speeds, on the other hand, allow you to get clear shots, but with less light, and in the case of video, even with the effect of sharp, jerky movements.

Accordingly, different exposure time options will be optimal for each situation, and the wider their range, the more opportunities the came...ra has to adjust to specific conditions.
Panasonic HC-VXF1 often compared
Panasonic HC-VXF990 often compared