Tool Kits: specifications, types

This feature means that the tools from the set (at least the basic ones) have improved electrical insulation and are suitable for working with wiring and other live parts. Specific restrictions on maximum voltage and other operating conditions may be different, they should be specified separately. However, if you are looking for a kit for electrical work, it is definitely worth choosing among dielectric kits : only such tools can provide proper safety.

The total number of core items included in the set.

In this case, the main items are all devices that are directly used during work: non-separable tools (traditional wrenches, hammers, pliers ...), elements of collapsible tools (for example, a ratchet for removable heads and 5 such heads will be considered 6 units) , as well as accessories (such as extensions or universal joints). Additional accessories — such as lights — may or may not be included in this count, depending on the manufacturer; however, there are usually few such accessories, and they do not fundamentally affect the total number of items.

The most modest modern tool kits include up to 25 units. However, such kits are very popular — they are inexpensive and at the same time can be very versatile. 25 – 50 items is still quite a small number, 50 – 75 pcs can be called an average, 76 – 100 items are more than average, and the most extensive modern sets can include 100 – 150 items or even more.

The general rules for choosing this parameter are obvious: a more extensive set, usually, is more multifunctional, but more expensive, weighs more and takes up more space. It is also worth bearing in mind that with a similar number of items, the specific assortment of these items in differ...ent sets may be different; so when choosing, it is worth specifying not only the number of tools, but also their specific composition.

The size of the "seat" for which the socket heads included in the package are designed (see below), in other words, the size of the square hole on the back of the head used for installation on a ratchet, wrench or other similar tool. Accordingly, the tool for working with heads supplied in the kit has the same dimensions of the landing square; and in the absence of such tools in the kit, data on the size of the heads will be useful for its selection.

There is a generally accepted standard for these sizes, providing for the designation in fractions of an inch — from 1/4 "to 1". Thanks to this, heads and tools from different sets can be quite compatible — just matching in size is enough. Most often in modern hand sets there are options in 1/4 "and 1/2", a little less often — 3/4" and 3/8". Some sets include several variants of the landing square at once.

Number of hex sockets included in the tool kit.

All end heads are accessories for a collapsible tool; during operation, they are mounted on a ratchet, wrench or other similar device. The head itself has the appearance of a characteristic “cap”, which, during operation, is put on a bolt, nut, etc. This design, among other things, allows you to work with parts located in recesses and some other hard-to-reach places that cannot be reached with open-ended, captive or split keys. And compared to a set of classic socket wrenches, the holder plus socket set takes up much less space, providing almost the same functionality.

As for the 6 faces, this type of socket head is the most famous and widespread, because. most modern nuts and bolts have this shape.

Working size range of hex sockets (see above) supplied with the kit. This parameter allows you to evaluate how the heads fit the dimensions of the fasteners with which they are planned to be used.

Number of dodecahedral sockets included in the tool kit.

All end heads are accessories for a collapsible tool; during operation, they are mounted on a ratchet, wrench or other similar device. The head itself has the appearance of a characteristic “cap”, which, during operation, is put on a bolt, nut, etc. This design, among other things, allows you to work with parts located in recesses and some other hard-to-reach places that cannot be reached with open-ended, captive or split keys. And compared to a set of classic socket wrenches, the holder plus socket set takes up much less space, providing almost the same functionality.

Specifically, the 12-sided type of socket heads is considered more versatile than the hexagonal one: it makes it possible to work with both classic hexagonal fasteners and, in fact, twelve-sided ones. In addition, to hook the next face, it is enough to rotate such a tool by only 30 ° when rearranging (whereas for 6-sided nozzles this figure is 60 °, and in cramped conditions there may not be room for this). On the other hand, 12-sided parts are quite rare, and when working with hexagonal parts, the contact area is small, which increases the risk of stripping edges and reduces torque.

Working size range of dodecahedral sockets (see above) supplied with the kit. This parameter allows you to evaluate how the heads fit the dimensions of the fasteners with which they are planned to be used.

The number of Surface sockets supplied with the tool kit.

All end heads are accessories for a collapsible tool; during operation, they are mounted on a ratchet, wrench or other similar device. The head itself has the appearance of a characteristic “cap”, which, during operation, is put on a bolt, nut, etc. This design, among other things, allows you to work with parts located in recesses and some other hard-to-reach places that cannot be reached with open-ended, captive or split keys. And compared to a set of classic socket wrenches, the holder plus socket set takes up much less space, providing almost the same functionality.

Specifically, this type of socket is also called SuperLock, or "heads for torn edges." They are intended for hexagonal fasteners and, in accordance with the name, have increased efficiency on heavily worn parts. The working surface of the Surface / SuperLock heads has the form of a circle with six characteristic rounded protrusions, which, when working, are adjacent to the midpoints of the faces of the fastener — due to this, the force is applied not to the corners of the hexagon, but to its sides. This not only allows you to work with stripped edges, but also reduces the risk of failure on intact fasteners; thanks to this, it becomes possible to work with great effort, without fear of damage. On the other hand, this advantage is relevant only if the size of the h...ead strictly corresponds to the size of the part — otherwise, the risk of failure, on the contrary, increases.

The range of working sizes of Surface sockets (see above) supplied with the kit. This parameter allows you to evaluate how the heads fit the dimensions of the fasteners with which they are planned to be used.

The number of sockets type Spline supplied with the tool kit.

All end heads are accessories for a collapsible tool; during operation, they are mounted on a ratchet, wrench or other similar device. The head itself has the appearance of a characteristic “cap”, which, during operation, is put on a bolt, nut, etc. This design, among other things, allows you to work with parts located in recesses and some other hard-to-reach places that cannot be reached with open-ended, captive or split keys. And compared to a set of classic socket wrenches, the holder plus socket set takes up much less space, providing almost the same functionality.

Specifically, the Spline type heads use a characteristic star-shaped work surface with 12 “beams”. This shape makes them very versatile, allowing you to work not only with "native" Spline type bolts, but also with conventional 12-point and 6-point fasteners, and even with square (4-point) parts. At the same time, 12 beams allow you to rotate the tool by only 30 ° with each permutation, which makes it easier to work in cramped conditions, where there is little room for wrench movement. On the other hand, when working with “non-native” fasteners, the grip reliability is low, and the risk of the head breaking increases.

Working size range of Spline sockets (see above) supplied with the kit. This parameter allows you to evaluate how the heads fit the dimensions of the fasteners with which they are planned to be used.

The number of E-profile sockets supplied with the tool kit.

All end heads are accessories for a collapsible tool; during operation, they are mounted on a ratchet, wrench or other similar device. The head itself has the appearance of a characteristic “cap”, which, during operation, is put on a bolt, nut, etc. This design, among other things, allows you to work with parts located in recesses and some other hard-to-reach places that cannot be reached with open-ended, captive or split keys. And compared to a set of classic socket wrenches, the holder plus socket set takes up much less space, providing almost the same functionality.

Specifically, this type of heads has a working part in the form of a six-pointed star, which is why such nozzles are also called “asterisks”, “Torx” or “internal Torx”. The latter option is used to avoid confusion with Torx keys (see above): the working part of such a key (“external Torx”) has the form of a star-shaped rod, while in the end head the working part has the form of a recess with similar outlines. As for the use of such heads, when used with “native” fasteners, the E-profile allows you to work at high forces without much risk of breaking the edges; and fasteners are used for such tools, in particular, in cars.

Working size range of E-profile sockets (see above) supplied with the kit. This parameter allows you to evaluate how the heads fit the dimensions of the fasteners with which they are planned to be used.

The number of spark plug heads supplied with the tool kit.

Like all interchangeable heads, candlesticks are put on the appropriate device during operation — for example, a ratchet (see above) or a tap wrench (see below). The specifics of their use is reflected in the name: the main purpose of this type of nozzle is the installation and dismantling of spark plugs in automobile engines. By design, spark plug sockets are generally similar to end heads, but they are much longer — otherwise working with candles would be impossible.

There is no single standard for fastening modern spark plugs, so several spark plug heads can be supplied in a set. At the same time, note that with the same number of such accessories, their specific types in different sets may be different; this nuance needs to be clarified before buying.

The number of bits supplied with the tool kit. A bat in this case is called a working nozzle, which plays the role of a screwdriver tip; in fact, they are most often used with screwdriver handles (see above).

Many types of splines (slots) are used in modern fasteners — starting with the well-known straight, cross-shaped ( Phillips and Pozidriv), Torx sprockets and ending with exotics like Torq-set (a cross with lines shifted from the centre), Pentalobe (with five ledges), etc. .P. In addition, the size of the slots can also vary, and in many cases, tool matching in size is very important. Accordingly, the more bits supplied with the set, the more versatile it is, the higher the probability that it will contain a nozzle of the desired type and size. However, the specific list of bits in the kit also does not hurt to clarify — in order to make sure that it has all the varieties you need. In the characteristics of individual sets, these data are given in the paragraph "Bit sizes" (see below).

Varieties of bits (see above) included in the set.

Note that this paragraph specifies not just the size, but also the type of slot for which this or that bit is designed. This type is indicated by a letter index followed by a number describing the size — for example, SL5. Here are the most popular designations found in modern bits:

— SL. Flat bits for straight slot. The size is indicated in millimetres.
— Ph. Classic cross bits. The size is indicated by a conditional number.
— P.Z. Bits for a modified cross slot with improved engagement, have additional edges. The size is indicated by a conditional number.
— TX, T. Torx bits, with six-pointed sprocket tips. The size is indicated by a conditional number.
— H. Hex bits, with hex tips. The size is indicated in millimetres.


If there is more than one bit of a certain type in the set, the number is specified after the designation, for example, PH2x2.

An adapter for docking seemingly incompatible elements from a set. For example, socket heads with an unsuitable landing square on a ratchet, screwdriver handle or in a drill driver. The adapter provides full-fledged work with all the required list of tools from the set.

Auxiliary bench tool that adapts the fit of the bit to the drill chuck. One end of the bit holder is fixed in the chamber, the other — in the shank of the bit, which allows you to work with any type of equipment. It is used when performing work on screwing fasteners in spaces where it encounters certain difficulties. Many bit holders have the ability to magnetically hold fasteners.

The number of drills supplied in the kit. Note that some modern kits include only the overhead, without any other fixtures or accessories.

Modern drills can differ both in diameter and in purpose (for wood, metal, concrete, etc.), as well as in the type of shank. As with other bits, more drills mean more options, but the specific set of options can vary, so it doesn't hurt to check them out.

It is also worth noting that, unlike most of the working nozzles described above, drills are not designed for use with hand tools — except with rotaries, which are extremely rare today. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to sets equipped with such accessories only if the farm has a drill or rotary hammer (or if such a tool is planned to be purchased in the future). And many sets with numerous drills are initially created precisely as an addition to electric or pneumatic tools.

The number of ratchet wrenches in the toolbox. The name of such tools comes from the ratchet mechanism installed in them, which emits a characteristic crack during operation.

First of all, we emphasize that the term "ratchet wrench" in this case means a composite tool — in the form of a handle with a seat for interchangeable nozzles (for example, socket heads of one type or another — see above). Do not confuse such a tool with more traditional wrenches that have similar equipment (for more on such wrenches, see "Ratchet (ratchet)"). Nevertheless, the meaning of the ratchet mechanism in this case is absolutely the same: thanks to it, the ratchet rotates the fastener only when turned in one direction, while the captured part remains motionless during the reverse movement. Thus, for constant rotation of the fastener in one direction, it is enough to swing the tool back and forth — this is much more convenient than periodically rearranging it or turning it full 360 °. The change of direction is usually carried out by a switch built into the ratchet.

Several ratchet wrenches included in one set, usually, differ in the size of the landing square (see above) and the length of the handle itself.

Number of screwdriver handles supplied with the tool kit.

Such handles, in fact, are screwdrivers without a tip — in its place there is a seat for a bit. It can be either a square (see above) or a hexagon socket, often magnetic; in fact, the presence of more than one handle in the kit is typical mainly for cases where different types of fasteners are used. Also note that, in addition to fixed mounts, in which the bit is fixed rigidly, there are also reversible devices — with a ratchet mechanism, similar in operation to ratchets (see above).

Theoretically, bits can be used with other types of tools — for example, the ratchets described above — and in many sets this possibility is directly provided. At the same time, it is work in the format of a screwdriver that is considered the classic option, and often it is he who is optimal.

The number of knobs supplied with the tool kit.

The collars are a composite tool and are used exclusively in combination with various nozzles, and sometimes with bits. As the name implies, they are designed to rotate such nozzles; moreover, the common point for all the knobs is that the nozzle is located perpendicular to the handle — this provides a large lever arm length and high torque with a relatively small effort on the handle. The specific design of the collars may be different. One of the most popular options is T-shaped devices, which can also vary: the nozzle mount can be located in the centre of the handle or closer to one of the edges, it can be movable or fixed, removable or non-removable, etc. There are also L-shaped collars, similar to socket wrenches (see above) with interchangeable nozzles; cardan, in which the mount is located at the very end and can be rotated to a selected angle, etc. If there are several wrenches in the kit, they usually have the same design, and the main differences are in the length of the handles, as well as the types and sizes of attachments for nozzles.

Note that in some sets, the role of a wrench can be played by a rigid extension (see below), equipped with a removable mount for the nozzle, and when such a mount is installed, it turns into a wrench handle. Such a device, when calculating the total number of units (see above), is considered as one item, although it performs two...different functions and is indicated in our catalog as both a crank and an extension.

The number of universal joints supplied with the tool kit.

First of all, we emphasize that this device should not be confused with wrenches that have a cardan. For more information about them, see paragraph "Gimbal" above; here we are not talking about an independent tool, but about an auxiliary device that is installed as an intermediate link between the main tool (for example, a crank, see above) and a working nozzle. Such a device allows you to position the axis of rotation of the tool at an angle relative to the axis of rotation of the nozzle with fasteners; this can be very convenient, in particular, when working in hard-to-reach places where there is not enough space for a classic "straight" tool.

Several universal joints, usually, are provided in sets with several options for the size of the landing square (see above) — one joint for each size.

The type of extension included with the tool kit.

Extensions refer to "intermediate" devices, if necessary, installed between the main tool (like a screwdriver handle, see above) and the working nozzle. As the name implies, they allow you to increase the length of the working part of the tool — for example, to get to hard-to-reach places. Here are the main options for such devices:


— Hard. Rigid rod extension. It does not give such freedom of action and the ability to get to hard-to-reach places as flexible (see below), but it is considered more reliable, allows you to develop great efforts (often the same as when working without an extension cord) and even allows the use as an improvised lever. Some rigid extensions may also have a crank function (see above).

— Flexible. An extension in the form of a flexible tube, usually made of a metal spiral. Such an extension, like a universal joint (see above), allows you to position the nozzle at an angle to the axis of rotation of the main tool — while the range of such angles is much wider (in some cases they can reach 180 °), and the long length and high mobility of the device are even more expands freedom of action. The disadvantage of flexible extensions is less suitability for work with greater efforts than the rigid ones described above.

— Rigid/flexible. This option is indicated for sets equipped with both types of...extensions described above. This makes it possible to choose an option depending on the specific situation.

If there are several extensions of the same type in the kit, they, usually, differ in the size of the attachment (see "Landing square").

The number of open- end wrenches supplied in the kit. Note that some modern kits only include open-end wrenches, without any other fixtures or accessories.

Open-end wrenches are called classic wrenches with a U-shaped working profile. When working, they cover the part from three sides (on two — if the key clings to the very tips of the "horns"). Because of this, such wrenches lose to ring wrenches in terms of uniformity of impact and are less suitable for work in which significant efforts are required (horn tools are more likely to break off the part). However, in most cases this shortcoming is not critical. In addition, the U-shape of the profile allows you to work with pipelines, hoses, etc., on which it is impossible to put a spanner wrench, and also makes it possible to hold an open-end tool during operation similar to a screwdriver — not perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the fastener, but parallel. Due to this, in some cases, this type of key may well replace the end keys (see below).

Note that most often modern open-end wrenches are made double-sided, with working profiles of different sizes at different ends. As for the quantity, it is worth considering here: sets with the same number of keys of the same type may differ in the specific sizes of these tools. Such nuances should be clarified before buying separately.

The number of ring wrenches supplied in the kit. Note that some modern kits include only ring spanners, without any other fixtures or accessories.

The working profile of the ring wrench has the shape of a ring; the inner surface of this ring, in direct contact with the fastener, has the shape of a polyhedron or "asterisk"; Such a wrench covers the fastener from all sides, which provides an even distribution of the load and better suitability for working with high forces than open-end wrenches (see above). At the same time, cap tools are less versatile: if the shape of the part does not match the working profile or if this part is located in a hard-to-reach place, serious problems can arise during work. In addition, they are not applicable to work with fastening hoses, pipes and other similar items — unless such an item is fixed only on one side, and on the other, a key can be put on it.

Note that most often modern box wrenches are made double-sided, with working profiles of different sizes at different ends. As for the quantity, it is worth considering here: sets with the same number of keys of the same type may differ in the specific sizes of these tools. Such nuances should be clarified before buying separately.

Number of combination wrenches supplied with the kit. Note that some modern kits include only combination wrenches, without any other fixtures or accessories.

Combined are called bilateral keys, on which different types of working profiles are located on different sides. Most often, such keys combine open-end and cap profile, very rarely — open-end and end. The technical features of each of these types are described in the corresponding entries in the glossary. However, anyway, the working dimensions of the profiles in one tool, usually, are the same — this allows, without changing the key, to choose the best option for a specific part, depending on the features of the work. As for the quantity, it is worth considering here: sets with the same number of keys of the same type may differ in the specific sizes of these tools. Such nuances should be clarified before buying separately.

Number of socket wrenches supplied in the kit. Note that some modern kits only include socket wrenches, without any other fixtures or accessories.

The working part of such a tool looks like a characteristic “cap” at the end of the handle (hence the name). This shape allows you to easily work in some hard-to-reach places where it is impossible to reach other types of wrenches — for example, recesses. But the general design of modern socket wrenches can be different. One of the most common options is an L-shaped handle with two "caps" of the same size, at both ends. When using a working profile on the short side of such a tool, the rest of the structure forms a long lever, allowing you to develop a fairly significant force; and the presence of a “cap” on the long side makes it possible to reach parts located in recesses of great depth and other similar places. Another design option is a wrench with a universal joint (see below); in such models, on different sides of the handle there are working profiles of different sizes. There is also a more specific version — a hollow tube with "caps" on both ends (also having different sizes) and a through transverse hole for a rod that plays the role of a rotary knob.

Separately, we note that socket wrenches are especially popular in car maintenance, although their use is not limited to this.

Number of split wrenches supplied in the kit. Note that some modern kits include only split wrenches, without any other fixtures or accessories.

According to the shape of the profile, such tools are a cross between open-end and box wrenches (see above). In fact, the working part of the split key looks like a cap ring, from which a small part was cut out, turning this ring into “horns”. However, such tools also differ from open-end wrenches: the “horns” mentioned are clearly bent towards each other, and the surface in contact with the fastener does not have the shape of the letter “U”, but of a pronounced hexagon or asterisk.

Thanks to this design, split wrenches provide a much better distribution of force over the fastener than open-end wrenches, and at the same time do not have such restrictions on use as box wrenches. To illustrate, we can cite the use of such a tool in a car service. It is split wrenches that are considered the best option for servicing brake systems, fuel and oil lines, etc.: they allow you to securely tighten fasteners and at the same time work without problems in hard-to-reach places and with hose attachments where box wrenches would be useless.

Note that most often modern split wrenches are made double-sided, with working profiles of different sizes at different ends. As for the quantity, it is worth considering here: sets with the same number of key...s of the same type may differ in the specific sizes of these tools. Such nuances should be clarified before buying separately.

Dimensions of the wrenches supplied in the set. Specified as a range — from the minimum to the maximum size. In this case, the specific distribution of different types of keys over the range may be different. An example is the following set: 17 open-end wrenches, 5 box wrenches, size range 6 – 24 mm. In such a set, box wrenches are almost guaranteed not to cover the entire range of sizes, but for open-end wrenches, this is quite likely. Such details can be specified separately.

Also note that a wrench size of 24mm or more is considered quite large for today's general purpose tools. However, on the market you can find sets that include wrenches for 27 mm, 30 mm and even 32 mm.

The presence of a "ratchet" — a ratchet mechanism — in separate wrenches from the kit.

The general principle of operation of such a mechanism is as follows: the key only works when moving in one direction. When turning in the other direction, the part on which the tool acts remains stationary, and the working part of the key rotates relative to the handle with a characteristic crack (hence the name "ratchet"). This design provides additional convenience when working: instead of rearranging the key or turning it through a full 360 °, it is enough to swing the tool back and forth in a relatively small range.

In wrenches, a ratchet mechanism is usually equipped with a box tool or the box part of a combination wrench (see above for both types of tools). Such a mechanism looks like an insert into a union ring; and to switch from loosening to tightening and vice versa, just turn the key. Usually, a ratchet is installed in all box or combination wrenches from the kit (of course, if such a function is provided at all).

Separately, we emphasize that you should not confuse such devices with ratchets. Specifically, in this case we are talking about fixed-size wrenches equipped with a ratchet mechanism, while the “ratchet wrench” (see below) in our catalog refers to the handle for socket heads and other interchangeable bits.

Presence in a set of wrenches with a universal joint

This function is found mainly in box and socket wrenches (as well as on the corresponding sides of combination wrenches). The specific number and type of such keys may be different, these details should be specified separately. Anyway, the hinge is a device that allows you to rotate the working part of the key relative to the rest of the tool. This, in particular, makes it possible to work in some hard-to-reach places where it is difficult to reach with a traditional key.

We emphasize that this feature should not be confused with a universal joint, made as a separate accessory; for more details on it, see the paragraph of the same name below, but here we note that a separate hinge is used with collapsible tools — such as ratchet wrenches, knobs, etc.

Adjustable wrenches are all types of wrenches in which the distance between the jaws (that is, the working size) can be changed at the request of the user. The most famous type of such a tool is open-end wrenches (see above), in which one sponge is made movable and moves using a characteristic worm mechanism; colloquially, they are sometimes referred to as plumbing. Also referred to as adjustable are the so-called gas or pipe wrenches. Their jaws are located at an angle to the handle, and the mechanism is designed in such a way that the key not only adheres to the fastener, but also compresses it. Both varieties are quite common, so before purchasing a set of tools with an adjustable wrench, it would be useful to clarify the type of this wrench.

Note that the range of adjustment of such tools is quite extensive. In one fixture, it may well cover almost all sizes of fasteners found both in everyday life and in many areas of professional use (with the exception of perhaps the smallest or largest — but other tools can be provided for them). Therefore, usually, it does not make sense to include more than one wrench in the delivery set.

The presence in the delivery set of a universal key, which independently adjusts to the desired size and is clamped. The only drawback of the self-clamping key is the mechanism, which, with active use, can become loose and fail. But for a home master, this is a good key that can replace several at once.

The number of hex wrenches supplied in the kit. Note that some modern kits include only hex wrenches, without any other fixtures or accessories. It is also worth emphasizing that in this case we are talking about the simplest hex wrenches. Imbus tools — similar in purpose, but different in design — are highlighted in our catalog in a separate category (see below),

Keys of this type usually have the form of L-shaped handles made of a hexagonal rod. Thus, the user can work with both the short and long side of the key; in the first case, the long part of the letter "G" works as a lever, providing a good effort, in the second — it plays the role of an extension. And such tools are used for bolts and other similar parts with a hexagonal cut in the cap. Such splines have a number of advantages over the classic straight and cross splines (in particular, better tolerating high torques), which makes them quite popular — in particular, in bicycles.

As for the quantity, it is worth considering here: sets with the same number of keys of the same type may differ in the specific sizes of these tools. Such nuances should be clarified before buying separately.

Working size range of hex wrench sizes (see above) supplied with the kit. This parameter allows you to evaluate how the keys fit the dimensions of the fasteners with which they are planned to be used.

Number of Torx wrenches included in the tool kit.

Like the hex wrenches described above, such wrenches are not intended for nuts, but exclusively for bolts with the corresponding slots. Torx splines are shaped as six-pointed sprockets, allowing for higher torques than straight or Phillips splines. There are such bolts in vehicles, computers and consumer electronics.

Working size range of Torx wrenches (see above) supplied with the set. This parameter allows you to evaluate how the keys fit the dimensions of the fasteners with which they are planned to be used.

The number of imbus keys included in the tool kit.

Such keys are a type of hex key (see above). In fact, even ordinary hex keys are often called “imbus” (from INBUS, the trademark under which they were once patented). However, in our catalog, only those hex keys are classified as imbus keys, the design of which includes a characteristic rounded tip, similar to a ball soldered to the end of the key. Such a tip allows you to tilt the wrench at a certain angle relative to the axis of rotation of the fastener when working, which can be very convenient when working in hard-to-reach places.

The range of working sizes of imbus keys (see above) supplied with the set. This parameter allows you to evaluate how the keys fit the dimensions of the fasteners with which they are planned to be used.

Number of precision screwdrivers ("telephone screwdrivers") supplied with the tool kit. Note that some of these kits are specialized kits that include only screwdrivers for phones.

The colloquial name of such tools is due to the fact that they are widely used in the repair of mobile phones and other portable equipment (MP3 players, cameras, etc.). Some time ago, the name “watch screwdrivers” was also widely used — for similar reasons. And the term “precision” means that such devices are highly accurate and well suited for fine work with small details, where accuracy is much more important than high effort. Thus, "phone screwdrivers" have a specific design that distinguishes them noticeably from ordinary screwdrivers. So, the general shape of the tool remotely resembles a nail: the handle is made slightly thicker than the working part, and a characteristic cap is provided in the upper part of the handle. This hat is made to rotate, it is convenient to hold the tool with the other hand if you need maximum accuracy and stability.

As for the quantity, in general, the more precision screwdrivers in the kit, the wider the possibilities for using such a tool. At the same time, note that sets with a similar number of such screwdrivers may differ in their specific assortment — that is, in the types of slots for which they are designed, and in the size of the working part. These details should be clarified separately.

Number of classic screwdrivers supplied in the kit. Note that some modern tool kits include only screwdrivers, without any other fixtures or accessories.

Despite the proliferation of screwdriver handles with interchangeable bits (see above), traditional non-separable screwdrivers also remain popular nowadays. One of their advantages over collapsible counterparts is the convenience of working with different types of fasteners at the same time: keeping several separate screwdrivers with different sizes and types of tips on hand (for example, two flat and two cross-shaped ones) and taking a tool as needed is much more convenient than constantly changing bits on the screwdriver handle. Other advantages include strength, reliability, as well as matching the size of the handle to the size of the tip and the expected features of the work. So, screwdrivers for large fasteners are equipped with thick handles that allow you to develop a lot of effort; and with small tips, handles of small thickness are used, contributing to precision and accuracy.

As for the quantity, it is worth considering here: a larger number of screwdrivers gives more opportunities, however, the specific set of such tools (and opportunities) in different kits may be different. These details will not hurt to clarify before buying. Also note that it hardly makes sense to look for numerous screwdrivers for simple work — in suc...h cases, a handle with bits may be more convenient.

Screwdrivers with flat tips, originally designed for a slot in the form of a slot. Note that such tips are quite versatile, they can be used with cross slots, and even with asterisks — the only thing is that in such cases it is impossible to apply great efforts due to the high probability of tool breakage.

Screwdrivers with tips designed for cross slots. Note that flat screwdrivers also work with such slots; however, it is still better to use “native” tools — they distribute the load more evenly and allow you to apply great efforts without the risk of tearing the edges of the slot.

Types of screwdrivers that do not represent slotted or cross-head. There can be both different types ( Torx, HexNut, etc.) of the slot, as well as lengths. More details on the purpose of the screwdriver forms can be found in a separate screwdrivers section.

A distinctive feature of impact screwdrivers is a thick massive handle with a heel for hitting with a hammer at the end. The principle of operation of such a tool is as follows: the tip is inserted into the fastener, after which the user hits the site with a hammer, and the impact energy is partially converted into rotation of the tip. The impact method is useful when the slot is dirty, where the screwdriver has to be literally driven in, it is useful in order to cope with old, stuck fasteners that are “too tough” for a conventional screwdriver, and also allows you to achieve very strong and reliable fastening, unattainable using a conventional screwdriver .

Such tools are almost indistinguishable from ordinary screwdrivers — the only thing is that they are made of high-strength materials, and the rod goes right through to the very end of the handle, which allows you to endure blows with a hammer.

Number of hammers supplied with the tool kit.

Most often, modern sets include the so-called locksmith hammers, in which the base of the head has a square section, and two strikers are provided — on the one hand, flat, for the entire width of the head, on the other, narrowed, but not pointed (also called "sock"). This shape promotes optimal balance, and the toe box can be used to work in narrow spaces and some specific tasks like splitting stone. In turn, the main striker is well suited not only for driving nails, but also for straightening sheet metal (as an impromptu alternative to a mallet).

Somewhat less frequently, carpenter's hammers are supplied with tool kits. They have a round striker, and on the opposite side there is a characteristic “fork” intended for use as a nail puller. Other, more specific types of hammers are practically not used in this case.

In general, both carpentry and locksmith hammers are versatile enough that most modern tool kits provide only 1 hammer (if any). There are exceptions — in some extensive professional kits; however, even in them, the number of hammers usually does not exceed 2.

Number of pliers supplied in the kit.

Initially, pliers are a device for holding, manipulating and squeezing various parts, having two handles and two characteristic flat jaws (hence the name). However, in the case of tool sets, this term often means a more functional device — pliers. Modern pliers, in addition to the flat part, have the following equipment:

— one or two recesses on the jaws, allowing you to capture pipes and other round / polyhedral parts;
— a pair of blades that allows you to use the tool as wire cutters;
— devices for cutting wire from the outside of the jaws (usually on both sides).

In most modern tool kits, only one pliers are provided, and, usually, these are pliers — thanks to the extensive capabilities of such products, such equipment is most often quite sufficient. However, there are also exceptions to this rule. In such cases, additional pliers can be both smaller pliers and other types of tools; this point should be clarified separately, and the options may be as follows:

— actually pliers of a traditional design, without additional equipment;
— thin-nosed pliers with long, elongated jaws, well suited for delicate work;
— round-nose pliers — with round-shaped jaws, used, in particular, for bending wire and other parts.

The number of wire cutters supplied with the tool kit.

Nippers are used for cutting (biting) metal parts of relatively small thickness — for example, wire. There are several types of this tool, but the most popular are the so-called side cutters. The principle of their design is similar to pliers, however, when you press the handles, it is not flat sponges that are compressed, but sharp cutting edges.

This tool is very versatile: standard wire cutters are quite capable of coping with almost all tasks for which such a tool is, in principle, used. Therefore, even very extensive tool kits are usually completed with just one wire cutter.

Colloquially, such mites are also called "goebels" or points. They resemble a cross between pliers (see "Pliers"), whose lips are bent to the side, and an adjustable wrench (see above). The similarity with the key is further enhanced by the fact that the distance between the jaws of the pliers can be changed due to the special design of the connection between the two halves of the tool. Thanks to this, it is possible to select the size of the clamp for a specific fastener, even a rather large one, which makes the adjustable pliers a very versatile tool.

Clamp — a kind of key for plumbing work, working on the principle of a clamp, i.e. designed to tightly clamp the workpiece, which simplifies the work.

Usually, modern sets include stationery kniveshaving a plastic handle and a retractable replaceable blade with characteristic oblique notches. Thanks to these notches, a dull fragment of the blade can be broken off and work can be continued with the remaining part, which remains sharp. Note that it does not make sense to include more than one knife in the kit even for extensive professional tool kits.

A saw is a saw tool designed for processing various materials, mainly for construction purposes. There are saws for metal, wood, drywall, etc. Models of the same type, for example, only for wood or only for metal, may differ from each other: the height and profile of the cutting teeth; thickness, height and length of the canvas; canvas material; handle type.

There are many types of this tool, however, kits usually include either metalwork scissors, or varieties designed for rough matter (like a tarpaulin). If there are several scissors, then, usually, both of these types are presented in the set. At the same time, we note that this element of the configuration is very rare, mainly in the most versatile top-level solutions.

A screwdriver-shaped device consisting of a thin metal tip, a transparent dielectric handle, a high resistance resistor, a contact plate on the back of the handle, and a signal lamp. Designed to determine the phase wire, the presence of voltage in the network, diagnostics of automotive on-board networks. Voltage indicators with batteries allow you to ring the electrical network for breaks. Advanced indicator screwdrivers are suitable for non-contact detection of wiring under a layer of finishing material and can be equipped with a light and sound informant.

Automotive indicators operate with a voltage of 6 to 24 V (less often — from 3 to 48 V) and can be equipped with a "crocodile". The rest are designed for voltages of 230 V and 400 V (sometimes up to 500 V).

The stripper is an indispensable assistant for wiring electrical networks, with which you can cut and strip the ends of cable cores. Some strippers also allow stranding — the final capabilities of the stripper depend on the specific modification of the tool. Note that there are separate categories of tools on the market for different types of cables. So, there are strippers for power wires, coaxial cable, twisted pair, etc. Additionally, strippers are divided into manual models, semi-automatic and automatic.

Magnetic head on a conventional or telescopic extension, designed to get nuts, bolts and other metal parts from hard-to-reach places. The magnetic grip is most in demand in auto repair shops in order to extract metal fasteners in a cramped engine compartment of a vehicle.

Modern tweezers can vary in the size of the jaws (wide, narrow and even pointed), their shape (rectangular, rounded), location (straight, beveled, curved), as well as the size of the tool itself — larger tweezers are designed for larger parts. Therefore, the kit may include several devices of this type. At the same time, tweezers are rarely required in those works in which tool sets are used, and therefore they are rarely included in the kit.

Special pliers for removing retaining rings that limit or block the axial movement of parts in mechanisms. To install or dismantle rings of the external type, compression tongs are used, which is caused by the need to compress the ring, reducing its diameter, and put it in the groove. Mounting and extraction of internal retaining rings is carried out by pullers with expanding jaws. Sponges come in different shapes (straight or at a certain angle), there are also tools with a removable working nozzle that allow you to rearrange the sponges for certain tasks and depending on the type of part to be removed.

The number of countersinks supplied with the tool kit.

Note that in this case, the term "sink" usually means a slightly different product — a countersink. In modern tool kits, conical countersinks are most often found: the working part of such a device is similar to the tip of a classic metal drill, sharpened at a slightly larger angle. Such a shape makes it possible, in particular, to chamfer holes, preparing the bearing surfaces for bolts, rivets or other fasteners, as well as to form conical recesses by processing finished holes or recesses of a cylindrical shape. Other forms of countersinks — such as "counterbores" for cylindrical recesses — for a number of reasons in this case did not receive distribution.

Note that countersinks are designed for use with drills or other similar tools. Therefore, such a device can only be found in sets that also include numerous drills and are released as an addition to an electric or pneumatic tool. At the same time, there is usually only one countersink (countersink) in the kit — this, usually, is more than enough for most tasks.

The number of files supplied with the tool kit.

Modern files differ in the type and frequency of cuts, as well as in the shape of the profile. The type of notch is determined by the material for which the file is designed, the intensity of processing depends on its frequency (the finer the notch, the more “delicate” the tool), and the shape of the profile is associated with the shape of the processed surfaces. Therefore, this tool is very diverse, and sets usually include several files. At the same time, for a number of reasons, this option is quite rare.

Hand tool used to knock out defective or stubborn fasteners from mounting holes (studs, pins, plugs, etc.). It is a metal rod with a thickened impact end and a thin cylindrical working part. Typically, tool sets include punches with a diameter of the executive body from 2 to 8 mm.

A hand tool used to cut holes in hard sheet materials, stone or concrete walls. The overwhelming majority is a high-strength steel rod with a sharpened edge in the form of a truncated cone at one end. The tool is attached to the surface and hit with a hammer on the steel back of the head. The beard leaves a finished hole in the shape of its tip (oval, round, square, rectangular, triangular, etc.) on the workpiece. For thin sheet metal and leather, tubular punches with a pointed tip can be used.

A device from the category of impact cutting tools for cutting hard materials, chipping stones, laying channels in concrete products, etc. It is used in plumbing, during construction, it will be useful in a garage workshop or household. In tool sets, there are often chisels with a working body of a straight or spatulate shape.

Impact cutting tool for marking the location of the drill on the workpiece. It is a rod with a sharp tip at one end and a blunt butt on the other side, which is hit with a hammer. Under impact, the centre punch tip leaves a characteristic hole on the surface, which is easier to get into with a drill when performing further work.

One of the varieties of chisels with a pointed and narrowed edge of the executive body. The narrow blade makes it possible to make notches in the form of grooves and make grooves in metal products using a cross cutter.

Measuring device for checking the correct placement of materials and structures in horizontal or vertical planes. The level allows you to keep the plane perfectly flat. Tool kits are often equipped with the usual bubble level.

Roulette included. The length of most modern tape measures is 3 – 5 m — this is quite enough for most cases, while the weight and dimensions of the case remain small and allow you to conveniently take measurements.

Additional items included with the toolbox but not listed above. Here are some of those items:

— Adapter. Adapter from one type of mount to another. Quite often, adapters are designed to fit magnetic bits (see above) with a hex shank into a tool that uses a landing square, but there may be other options — for example, adapters between different sizes of the mentioned squares (see above).

— Holder for bits. A specific type of adapter designed to mount bits with a conventional hex shank in screwdrivers where a shank with a notch for a retainer is required. In extreme cases, they can also be used as improvised screwdrivers. Several holders can be supplied, in such cases they usually differ in length.

— Level. A tool for assessing the position of a particular surface. The simplest levels are for testing whether a surface is horizontal or not; however, tool kits usually include more advanced fixtures that allow you to also control verticality, and in some cases also check compliance with a 45 ° tilt and even measure a specific angle of deviation from the horizontal / vertical.

— Depth limiters. They are used together with drills (see above). They allow you to set the maximum drilling depth — the tool simply will not go further; this is useful in cases where you need to make holes of a given depth.

— Telescopic magnetic probe. A device in the form of an extendable rod (like an antenna or a pointer) with a strong permanent magnet at...the end. Facilitates the collection of small metal parts — for example, crumbled bolts or bits — including and in hard-to-reach places (like the space under the cabinet or a narrow gap between the boards).

— Lamp. Classic flashlight for lighting in dark places.

— Tester. He's an indicator. A specialized screwdriver for searching for a phase in electrical networks during electrical work. The indicator rod is almost completely covered with insulation, and a light bulb is located in the transparent handle. Such a device can also be used as a classic screwdriver, but it is not designed for applying great efforts — the main purpose is to search for the phase.

— Fastening devices — for example, screws with dowels. In normal cases, it is more convenient to buy fasteners separately, for specific needs; however, there are situations when the "emergency stock" provided in the kit is very handy.

This list is not exhaustive — manufacturers may provide other equipment, sometimes very specific.

— Plastic case. A rigid container made of plastic and designed to be easy to carry in your hands: small cases can be held directly by the body or put in a bag, larger varieties are equipped with a handle and look like suitcases. Actually, ease of transportation is the main advantage of all cases. And plastic, at a low cost, is not subject to corrosion, has a relatively small weight, does not cool the hand very much at low air temperatures, and besides, it can easily be given an original shape and colour. The strength of this material is somewhat lower than that of metal, but this drawback is not critical. This is due to two points: firstly, rather strong varieties of plastic are used for tool cases, the reliability of which is quite sufficient for most cases; and secondly, due to the mentioned lightness, the walls of the case can be made quite thick without sacrificing ease of use.

— Metal case. A variety of cases — boxes or suitcases (see above for details) — made of metal. Theoretically, this material is stronger and more reliable than plastic, but in fact this feature is partly (and sometimes completely) leveled by the fact that the wall thickness in metal cases is less than in plastic ones — otherwise the weight of the container would be too large. In addition, metal can bend under impact (whereas plastic usually springs), and it costs more. Therefore, this type of case is used relatively rarely....

— Case / bag. This category includes various devices made of soft materials. They are usually designed with handles, straps and other accessories for easy portability and are more compact than hard cases. On the other hand, soft materials are less durable and offer poorer protection both from moisture and dust and from the impact of tools on surrounding objects in case of accidental collisions; therefore they are used infrequently.

— Lodgement. Device in the form of a flat surface with recessed cells for tools. It is designed to be permanently in one place, and in most cases in a horizontal position. So this type of tool storage is especially appropriate when working in one place, not for carrying.

— Stand. Another type of stationary storage of tools, like the lodgement described above. Only in this case, the instruments on the stand are placed vertically. Thus, you can quickly get what you need and continue working. There are both desktop and wall-mounted versions.

— Plastic holder. A way to store sets of keys, which is a small plastic structure with recesses for different tool sizes. Moreover, in most cases it has the possibility of suspension.

— Box. Boxes usually mean containers made of rigid materials, rather large and poorly adapted for carrying in hands (this is their main difference from the cases described above). However such containers are more convenient for transportation than coasters / trays, but they are still designed more for a long stay in one place than for constant movement.

— Trolley. Characteristic design on wheels, with a handle for easy transportation. Carts are quite bulky and designed to be rolled, not carried; it makes sense to use them only in extensive professional sets for several hundred items that cannot be carried by hand.

— Multitool. A kind of tool kits, where all the elements are concentrated in one case and change like in Swiss knives, being removed one by one from the case. It is a pocket, hiking option for all occasions, but mostly these are sets of hex wrenches (a godsend for a cyclist).

— Cassette. A relatively small package that can have a different design — for example, in the form of a lodgment covered with a transparent lid or a plastic holder with holes for individual items. Actually, the presence of nests for each item is a common feature of all cassettes.

— Rail. A kind of metal "clip" — a strip with curved edges forming a gutter. In this chute, bits and end bits are fixed side-by-side by the shank. Many rails are designed to be inserted and removed in turn, so that you can only get to the item in the middle of the row by removing some of the items from one edge.

— Ring. Both a bunch of keys fixed on a ring and wrenches can be stored on a similar ring, naturally stronger and larger in diameter. In general, a fairly simple solution to keep all the keys at hand.

The dimensions of the entire set, namely the case, lodgment, cassette, etc. storage accessory (see paragraph above) with tools installed inside. Allows you to understand how much space the model will occupy and whether it can be placed in a complete set in one place or another.

The total weight of the tool kit. Indicated with a case, stand or other storage/transportation device (see Tool Storage). First of all, you should pay attention to this parameter if you plan to often carry the kit over long distances — the lighter the weight, the easier it will be to do. At the same time, extensive sets inevitably turn out to be weighty.