Comparison MJX Bugs 5W vs Hubsan X4 H501M Waypoints FPV

Maximum flight time of a quadcopter on one full battery charge. This indicator is quite approximate, since it is most often indicated for ideal conditions - in real use, the flight time may be less than stated. However, by this indicator it is quite possible to evaluate the general capabilities of the copter and compare it with other models - a longer declared flight time in practice usually means higher autonomy.

Note that for modern copters, a flight time of 20 minutes or more is considered a good indicator, and in the most “long-lasting” models it can exceed 40 minutes.

The highest speed that a quadcopter can achieve in horizontal flight. It is worth considering that in most cases this parameter is indicated for optimal operating conditions: a fully charged battery, low air temperature, minimum weight, etc. However, it is quite possible to rely on it both when choosing and when comparing different models of copters with each other.

Note that quadcopters were originally designed as stable and maneuverable aerial platforms, and not as high-speed vehicles. Therefore, you should specifically look for a fast quadcopter only in cases where the ability to quickly move from place to place is critical (for example, when the device is supposed to be used for video recording of fast-moving objects over large areas).

The type of camera installation that the quadcopter is equipped with.

- Built-in. A camera that is permanently installed on the vehicle and cannot be removed without disassembling the fuselage. This is the simplest option for tech who want to use a quadcopter for photo and video shooting or for flying with a first-person view (see “Real-time broadcast”); In addition, this camera design is considered more durable and reliable than a removable one. On the other hand, it does not make it possible to remove the camera to make the car lighter or replace it with another one that is more suitable in terms of characteristics.

- Removable. As the name suggests, such cameras are installed on detachable mounts. Thanks to this, the customer can remove or install the camera, depending on what is more important to him at the moment - the light weight of the car or the presence of an electronic “eye” on board. Note that in some models you can install not only a standard device, but also a third-party device.

- Absent. Drones that are not equipped with cameras at all fall into two main categories. The first does not involve the use of any cameras at all; As a rule, it includes inexpensive devices primarily for entertainment purposes, for which the “peephole” is just an expensive and unnecessary excess, which also increases the weight of the entire structure. The second type is models with...the ability to install a camera. It includes quite advanced copters - up to powerful professional machines capable of carrying a digital SLR. This option will be useful for tech who would like to independently select a camera to suit their needs. However, we note that the second type may have an auxiliary “eye” for live FPV broadcasts (see below); however, if such a “peephole” does not allow for taking photos/videos, it is not considered a full-fledged camera, and its presence is indicated only in additional notes. — Thermal imaging. A camera operating on the principle of a thermal imager - it detects infrared radiation from heated objects and forms a characteristic thermal image visible to the drone operator. Each color in this image corresponds to a specific temperature. A thermal imager equipped in a drone opens up possibilities not available to traditional optical cameras. Thus, it can be used to distinguish a person or animal against a camouflage background or in dense vegetation in an area. Thermal imaging cameras also “see” perfectly in complete darkness.

Quadcopters with a thermal imaging camera are by no means a cheap pleasure. They are used by rescuers, military, law enforcement, repairmen, hunters and fishermen. In particular, drones with a thermal imaging camera help find living people when clearing rubble, and are widely used to search for possible fires, gas leaks from pipelines, etc. In some situations, the performance of a thermal imager may be low - for example, it is not able to clearly identify an object if its temperature coincides with the background temperature (which makes it difficult to use in hot weather). In addition, the resolution and detail of the picture, even in advanced models, is quite modest. Thermal cameras in drones can be built-in or detachable.

Resolution of the matrix in the standard camera of the quadrocopter.

Theoretically, the higher the resolution, the sharper, more detailed image the camera can produce. However, in practice, the quality of the "picture" is highly dependent on a number of other technical features - the size of the matrix, image processing algorithms, optical properties, etc. Moreover, when increasing the resolution without increasing the size of the matrix, the image quality may drop, because. significantly increases the likelihood of noise and extraneous artifacts. And for shooting video, a large number of megapixels is not required at all: for example, to shoot Full HD (1920x1080) video, which is considered a very solid format for quadrocopters, a sensor of only 2.07 megapixels is enough.

Note that high resolution is often a sign of an advanced camera with high image quality. However, this quality is not determined by the number of megapixels, but by the characteristics of the camera and the special technologies used in it. Therefore, when choosing a quadcopter with a camera, you should look not so much at the resolution as at the class and price category of the model as a whole.

The maximum resolution and frame rate supported by the aircraft camera when shooting in Full HD (1080p).

The traditional resolution of such a video is 1920x1080; this is what is most often used in drones, although occasionally there are more specific options — for example, 1280x1080. In general, this is far from the most advanced, but more than a decent high-definition video standard, such an image gives sufficient detail for most cases and looks good even on a large TV screen — 32 "and more. At the same time, achieve a high frame rate in Full HD It is relatively simple and takes up less space than higher resolution content, so Full HD shooting can be done even on aircraft that support more advanced video formats like 4K.

As for the actual frame rate, the higher it is, the smoother the video turns out, the less motion is blurred in the frame. On the other hand, the shooting speed directly affects the requirements for the power of the hardware and the volume of the finished files. In general, values up to 24 fps can be called minimal, from 24 to 30 fps — medium, from 30 to 60 fps — high, and speeds over 60 fps are used mainly for slow motion Full HD.

The ability to remotely control the quadcopter camera. The set of features provided by such control depends both on the type of camera (see above) and on the specific model. So, when using a third-party camera on a gimbal, control functions are most often limited to turning and tilting the lens; but for regular cameras, start and stop shooting, fixing a photo on command, changing the viewing angle, etc. can be provided.

The control method provided in the copter.

Modern drones are usually controlled by a remote control, a smartphone, or both. Here is a detailed description of each of these options:

— Remote control only. Management carried out exclusively from the complete remote control. The most common option, found in all varieties of drones — from the simplest entertainment models to high-end professional devices; and heavy commercial / industrial models (see "Type") are completely controlled exclusively in this way. Such popularity is explained by two points. Firstly, the functionality of the remote control can be almost anything — from a small device with a couple of levers and buttons to a multifunctional control unit with a screen for live broadcasts and displaying various specialized information. Thus, the equipment of the remote control can be optimally matched to the features of a particular copter. Secondly, you can install a powerful transmitter with a large range in the remote control (whereas the range of smartphones is very limited, and it also depends on the specific gadget model). Well, besides, the control panel is initially supplied with the drone (except that the batteries in some models need to be purchased separately).

— Smartphone only. Management carried out exclusively from a smartphone (or other similar gadget — for example, a tab...let) through a special application; communication is usually carried out via Wi-Fi. This option is good because almost any functionality can be provided in the control application; and the copter itself turns out to be convenient in transportation — in the sense that you do not need to carry a separate remote control with it. However, the range in such a control is very small — even under perfect conditions, it usually does not exceed 100 m, and in some models it does not even reach 50 m; and the actual communication range also strongly depends on the characteristics of the control gadget. In addition, the controls on the touch screen are not tactile, making blind control almost impossible. As a result, this option is very rare — in certain models of mini-drones and selfie-drones (see "In the direction"), for which the absence of a remote control and ease of carrying are important, and the described disadvantages are not critical.

— Remote control and smartphone. The ability to control the drone both from the remote control and from a smartphone. The features of both options are described in detail above; and their combination is found mainly in relatively simple devices, for which the shortcomings of control via a smartphone are not critical (although there are exceptions). At the same time, the main option for such copters is often control from an external gadget, and the remote control may not be included at all; This point does not hurt to clarify before buying. However, anyway, this control format gives the user the opportunity to choose the best option for a specific situation. For example, for recreational flights during a "sally" in nature, you can get by with a smartphone, and for aerobatic training, a remote control is better. So most modern quadcopters that can be controlled from a smartphone / tablet fall into this category.

The range of the drone is the maximum distance from the control device at which a stable connection is maintained and the device remains controlled. For models that allow operation both from the remote control and from a smartphone (see "Control"), this item indicates the maximum value — usually achieved when using the remote control.

When choosing according to this indicator, note that the range is indicated for perfect conditions — within line of sight, without obstacles in the signal path and interference on the air. In reality, the control range may be somewhat lower; and when using a smartphone, it will also depend on the characteristics of a particular gadget. As for specific figures, they can vary from several tens of metres in low-cost models to 5 km or more in high-end equipment. At the same time, it should be said that the greater the range of communication, the higher its reliability in general, the better the control works with an abundance of interference and obstacles. Therefore, a powerful transmitter can be useful not only for long distances, but also for difficult conditions.

The frequency of the radio channel used to transmit the video stream from the camera on board the drone to the receiving device: smartphone or tablet, control panel or pilot’s video glasses. The most common frequencies are 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz; video data transmission at a frequency of 1.2 GHz is less common. This parameter directly affects the quality and stability of the video signal, depending on environmental conditions, as well as accompanying interference from other devices. Thus, for receiving video from FPV drones, the most preferable frequency is 5.8 GHz, which is due to a wide selection of channels and high data transfer rates.